What does oxidation refer to in terms of coatings?

Oxidation in the context of coatings primarily pertains to both the corrosion of metals and the curing process of some coatings. When metals oxidize, they react with oxygen in their environment, leading to the formation of oxides, which can significantly affect the integrity and lifespan of the metal substrate beneath a coating. This oxidation can manifest as rust, which is a form of corrosion, and can compromise the adhesion of the coating, leading to failure.

Additionally, some coatings, particularly those that are oxidative curing types, rely on oxidation processes to harden or cure. This curing process is crucial for achieving the desired protective qualities and durability of a coating over time. Therefore, understanding oxidation helps in both recognizing potential issues with metal substrates before coating application and ensuring that the chosen coating system has the appropriate curing characteristics for optimal performance.

The other options do not correctly represent the full scope of oxidation. Coating application and surface preparation processes, while vital, do not encapsulate the chemical processes related to oxidation. Similarly, mechanical abrasion refers to a physical method of preparing surfaces and does not involve oxidation processes. Thus, the correct understanding of oxidation encompasses its dual role in both corrosion and the curing process of coatings.